Railway-tie.



No. 810,200 PATENTED JAN. 16, 1906.

B. T. PORRESTER. RAILWAY TIE.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 17,1905.

m r T; Y Q 1 a M w x/ l w m N Witness es r Z 07 7'66'k7 lnv nto I by I I y I I l a 1/ I Attorneys UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. 'ELi FT. IFORIREVSQTER. ii nor sriiit es'sourn nAiro'rli.

RAI LwAY -T l E.

No. 810,200. Specification of I etters Patent'. 1 Patented Jan. 16,1906.

Application filed October 17. i905. Serial NB. 283.163.

To wll whmr it may 001mm I i 4 means of suitable iastenings 3, preferably Be it known that I, ELI 'T. FoRREsTEn, av rivets." The fibrous layers are preferably citizen of the United States,- re'siding at Hot 1 formed of wood-pulp or paper-pulp; It 1s Springs, in the county of Fall River andState proposed to have the wood-pulp r. 'pa'per of South Dakota, have invented a new 'and pulp layer treated with some preserving Ina- ,60

useful Railway:Tie,*of which the following'is terial and to have the'metal' plates galvana specification.v ,ized or otherwise treated soas to withstand This-invention relates' to railway-ties,-and the effects of'the weather, and thereby pro i has for its object to provide animproved longkthe life of the tie. Thew'ood-pulp or [O composite or built-up tie which-has :the requipaper-pulp layers. are intended to give elas- 65 site strength, durability; and elasticity. .ticity'and' comparativellightness, while the' Itis furthermore designed toequip the tie -metal plates give the tie the desired strength with improved track-fastening means capable and rigidity'and also serve through their hard of being conveniently "assembled with the 'ness to prevent the fastenings 3 from work-v .14 rails to secure the same to the tie in a very ing 'sidewlse andbecoming loosened in the tie. 7o

sim le and effective manner. The track-fasteningmeans includes bolts T e present track-fastening means include 4. in lieu of spikes, the tie being provided ad- .bolts, and therefore the tie is provided adjajacent eacherrd with a air of spaced dicent each end with pairs of openings spaced agonally-alined openings or the reception of so as to receive a straight rail between the the bolts. As best shown in Fig.3 ofthe 7'5 fastening means, and it is-of course apparent drawings, it will be seen that the head 5 of tha't acurved rail would not be properly enthe bolt is at the under side of the tie and is gaged' by the'fastening means, wherefore it let into a seat orreces s'fi, formed in the bot-J ,is another object of the present invention to tom metallic late 1, so as to prevent rota- 2 5 provide for adjusting the track-fastening tionof the b0 t. By'preference .the head of a means so as to accommodate the same to the bolt is let in flush with the bottom of the straight and curved rails. tie and the shank of theb'olt is'non-Circular, With these and other.objects in view the so as to fit snugly the non circular opening in present invention consists in the combinathe tie, and thps prevent rotation of the'bolt,' tion and arrangement of parts, aswill be here- The belt rises abovethe top of the tie and inafter more fully described, shown in the ac- "also abovethe top of the base-flange of the companying drawings, and particularlypointadjacent rail 7 ,fand the upperextremityonly ed out in the a pended claims, it' being unof the bolt is made cylindrical and threaded, derstood that anges in the form, proporas at 8." Between the threaded 11 per .ex- I 3 5 tion, size, and minor details may be made. tremity of the bolt" and the topo the tie within the S00 e of the claims without de there is araihengaging'element9, which has parting from't e s irit or sacrificingany-of a substantially rectangular bodyfrom whose the advantages of-t h e invention. upright faces extend *win s',1 -0,,11, and 12, In the accompanying drawings,- Figure 1 whic are reduced upont eir under sides to 4c is aplan view of a tieof the present invention form the respective shoulders '13, 14, and. 5

withportions of" a pair of rails supported 15, whichincrease regularly in'Ten thin the thereon. Fig. 2 isa longitudinal sectional order enumerated. Y The bottom o? the body view of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged crossis provided with anon-circular boss 1 6'to' fit sectional view on the line 33' of Fig.1. Fig. within a corresponding non-circular seat or I 45 4 is an'enlarged underneath-perspective view recess 17 in the top of 'thetie, and'the entire of the rail-engaging element of the present body is centrally. pierced by anon-circular track-fastening means. opening 18 to'receive the noncircular' pro- Like characters of reference designate corjecting upper portion of the bolt. A suitresponding parts in each and every figure of able nut 19 is fitted to .theup er threaded. 5o 'thedrawings. extremity of the bolt, so as 'to hold the ele- .05

The present tie is made up of alternate 'ment' Q in place. metallic 'and fibrous layers 1 and 2, begin- In ractice,- -the bolts being in place andning with a metal plate at the bottom and terthe rail placed upon the tie-between the bolts, minating withametal plate at the top,the sev-' a rail-engaging element is fitted to the upper 55 eral layers being pierced'and connected by end ofeach bolt, so as to receive the boss 16. no

lapping the flange of the rail and one of the shoulders 13, 14, and engaging the adjacent edge of the flange, and then the nut 19 isfitted in place and screwed down tightly against the element 9. --Where the rail is straight the intermediate shoulder 14 and the intermediate wing 11 are engaged with the flange of the rail; but when the rail is curved one or the other of the shoulders 13 and 15 is engaged with the "flange of the rail according as the latter is nearer or farther away from the bolt.

'A very important feature of the invention.

resides in the fact that the bolt extends entirely through-the tie, and therefore braces ther ail against lateral strains in a more eflect ive manner than with ordinary spikes, which are driven only a few inches into the top of thetie. Moreover, the 'tie is not injured by repeated removals and applications vof the rail-engaging elements, and whatever wear there may be comes between the nuts and the rail-engaging elements, which elements can be replaced with considerably less expense than is-required for the replacing of a tie.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is "l. A railway-tie inade up of a series of alternating metallic and fibrous; layers with metal layers at the top and bottom of the tie, and binding elements piercing the layers of the tie. a

2. A railway-tie made up of a series of alternating metallic and fibrous layers ivith metal layers at the top and bottom of the tie, binding elements piercing thetie, each end portion of the tie being provided with a pair of spaced vertical openings, and track-fastening elements for said openings and provided with non-circular heads fitted in similarlyshaped seats in .the bottom metallic layer of the tie. i

3. A railway-tie pierced by a vertical opening, a bolt extending through the opening with its headat the under side of the tie, and

a flanged rail-engaging element fitted to the upper end of the bolt to overlap the base of the rail and provided with, a hub portion entering the opening inthe tie. i i

-' 4. A railway-tie pierced by a vertical open-,

ing having enlarged'non-ci'rcular top-andbottom portions constituting seats, a bolt extending through the opening with its headsnugly fitted in the lower seat, and-a flanged rail-engaging element fitted to the top of the bolt with its flange adapted tooverhang and engage the base of the rail and providediwith a hub portion entering theseat at the top of "the opening in the tie.

- with its flange adapted to overhang and engage the base of the rail and provided with a hub portion entering theenlarged upper end of the opening in the tie.

6. A traclvfastener comprisinga bolt which is non-circular adjacent its threaded terminal, a rail-engaging element having a non-'circul'ar opening receiving the non-circular portion of the bolt, said element being provided with a series of substantially radial rail-engaging flanges which are successively pro- Vided upon their under faces with rail-engage ing distances from the bolt-opening, and a nut to hold the rail-engaging element upon the bolt.

7. The'combination with a railway-tie having a bolt opening thereinwhich is enlarged at its upper end to form a non-circular seat, of a bolt 'ext'endingthrough the opening and rising above the tie, a rail-en aging element fitted upon the bolt and having its lower side provided with a non-circular boss fitting the non-circular seat of the tie, said rail-en aging element having a series of substantia ly radial rail-engaging flanges which are successively provided upon their under sides with rail-engaging shoulders located at progressively-increasing'distances from the bolt-opening, and n'ieans to hold'the rail-engaging element upon the bolt.

8. As a new article *of'manufa-cture, a trackfastening element com-prising a body pierced by a bolt-opening, the bottom of the body having a non-circular boss concentric with the bolt-opening, a concentricseries} of substantially radial rail-engaging flanges, and

shoulders upon the undersides oftheflan es and located at progressively-increasing istances'from the bolt-opening. r 1 v a testimony that. I- claim the -foregoing as my own I have hereto. affixed my signature in thewpre'sence of two witnesses. Y i

" s. ELI T'. FOR

Witnesses:

-EDwi iVAN; OISE, PAT-131E. DENNE.

REST-ER.

' ing shoulders located at progressivelyincreas- 

